Tips for safely boating in a storm 

Boating in a storm can be a daunting experience, especially if you’re unprepared. Whether caught off-guard while out at sea or planning ahead while staying in the harbour, knowing what to do when the weather turns can make the difference between a safe and dangerous trip. 

In this guide, we look at essential tips for preparing your boat for a storm and how to handle it both in the harbour and when you’re out at sea.

In harbour or ashore

When you’re in harbour or ashore, you’ve got a significant advantage—time. If you know a storm is coming, you can ensure your boat is secure and storm-ready. 

Preparing for a storm 

Here are some top tips on how to prepare your boat for a storm:

• Secure your boat—the first thing you should do is ensure your boat is properly secured to the dock. Use strong, durable lines and check them frequently to ensure they’re tight and in good condition. Check your boat has enough fenders out between it and the dock to prevent damage from any rough contact.
• Check your anchors—if your boat is moored, ensure your anchor lines are in top condition and long enough to ensure a safe distance from the dock in case of heavy winds. Double-check that your anchor is properly set so it doesn’t drag in a storm.
• Stow loose items—one of the simplest things you can do is stow anything that isn’t tied down. Cushions, sails, and any other loose gear should be brought inside or secured to prevent the wind from blowing them away.
• Disconnect power and electronics—if there’s a risk of lightning, it’s a good idea to disconnect your electronics and power systems. Lightning can strike your boat and wreak havoc on sensitive equipment. Unplugging your GPS, radio, and other electronics reduces the risk of damaging your boat’s systems.
• Check the weather and stay updated—always watch the weather forecast, especially during storm seasons. Modern apps, radios, and marine weather services can help you stay informed. If you’re in an area where a storm is likely, monitor conditions regularly.
• Close all hatches and windows—to prevent water from entering your boat during a storm, ensure all hatches and windows are closed and sealed. It’s a simple step that’s easy to overlook when you’re focused on other preparations.
• Consider hauling your boat—if the storm is particularly severe, the best option may be to completely haul your boat out of the water. Many marinas offer dry-docking services, which can provide significant protection from rising water and powerful winds.

Related: Top tips to prevent seasickness

What happens to a boat during a storm in the harbour?

When you’re in a harbour, the impact on your boat during a storm primarily comes from high winds, heavy rain, and sometimes turbulent water. Your boat may experience:

• Banging against the dock—high winds may cause your boat to rock back and forth, pushing it against the dock. If it’s not properly fendered or secured, this can result in damage.
• Sinking or flooding—if hatches or windows are left open, heavy rain or waves could cause flooding, potentially sinking your boat. This is more common in boats that aren’t regularly maintained.
• Increased stress on the hull and rigging—the forces from wind and waves can cause stress on your boat’s structure. If your rigging is loose or old, it may snap, or your sails could rip.
• Wind damage—in extreme storms, high winds can rip sails and covers, damage masts, or cause structural damage. Boats left unprepared or improperly moored are at higher risk. 

Out at sea: tips for boating in a storm

Suppose you’re caught in a storm at sea—it’s time to act quickly. Boating in a storm can be challenging, but with the right approach, you can minimise the risks and keep everyone safe. 

• Stay calm and assess the situation—panic is your enemy when boating in a storm. Take a deep breath and assess the conditions. Check the wind direction, wave height, and the overall forecast. If you’re near shore, consider heading back. But don’t rush. Take it slow and steady.
• Slow down and reduce sail—if you’re sailing, reduce the sail area immediately. This means furling or reefing your sails to make your boat more manageable in the strong winds. Avoid keeping your boat at full speed, which can cause more damage in rough seas.
• Heave to—if the storm is strong and you can’t make headway, “heaving to” might be the best option. This involves turning your boat’s bow into the wind at an angle that keeps it from drifting too much, while still allowing it to weather the storm. It gives you time to wait out the worst of the weather.
• Head into the waves—if the wind and waves are coming from one direction, steer your boat directly into the waves, keeping the bow facing forward. This helps avoid broaching (the boat being hit broadside by waves), which could capsize it.
• Use a sea anchor or drogue—if the storm is particularly severe, consider using a sea anchor or drogue. This heavy-duty anchor helps stabilise your vessel when boating in a storm, as it slows down its drift and keeps it pointed into the wind.
• Keep your crew safe—ensure everyone on board wears life jackets and that all hatches and doors are secure. Stay below deck if the conditions are extreme, and avoid standing in the cockpit during heavy rain or lightning.

Related: The 5 best yacht varnishes for long-lasting protection

Keeping your boat safe in a storm: FAQs 

What happens to a boat in a storm out at sea?

Out at sea, your boat will face some intense challenges when caught in a storm. These are some things that you might expect:

• Turbulent seas—high waves, rough swells, and choppy seas can make steering your boat difficult. The boat may pitch (move up and down) and roll (move side to side), which can cause seasickness and fatigue for the crew.
• Risk of capsizing—strong winds and large waves can affect your boat’s stability, potentially causing it to capsize. Maintaining control and preventing the boat from broaching or capsizing is essential to keeping it head-on to the waves.
• Flooding—like in the harbour, heavy rain or waves could cause water to enter your boat, leading to flooding or even sinking.
• Gear damage—your rigging, sails, and electronics are all vulnerable in a storm. A broken mast, snapped lines, or damaged sails can affect your navigating ability.

Are boats more likely to be struck by lightning? 

Yes, boats are more likely to be struck by lightning, especially if they’re the tallest objects on the water. With little cover and the boat’s mast being a prominent target, boats in open water are vulnerable during electrical storms. Saltwater is a conductor. So, if lightning strikes, it can easily travel through the boat’s structure, potentially damaging electrical systems and even starting fires.

If you’re caught in a thunderstorm, keep a low profile by staying inside the cabin, away from metal structures.

If your boat is equipped with lightning protection, ensure it’s activated. If not, your best option is to avoid storms and get to a safe harbour as soon as possible.

Final thoughts

Boating in a storm is an experience no sailor hopes to face, but being prepared can make all the difference. Whether in the harbour or out at sea, understanding how to handle a boat in a storm, knowing what to expect, and being aware of the risks (like lightning) can help keep you safe. 

Stay updated on weather conditions, secure your boat properly, and know your emergency manoeuvres. The more prepared you are, the better you’ll handle whatever nature throws your way. Stay safe, stay calm, and happy sailing.

Specialist boat insurance through Craftinsure

Now you’re armed and ready to protect your boat from a storm with practical tips, it may also be beneficial to consider insurance.

Specialist boat insurance through Craftinsure can offer you financial protection should the worst happen during a storm, such as loss, repair or replacement up to the sum insured stated in your policy.

Find out more about specialist cover through Craftinsure here or take out a free online quote today.